[10] Transnistria is officially designated by the Republic of Moldova as the Administrative-Territorial Units of the Left Bank of the Dniester (Romanian: Unitile Administrativ-Teritoriale din stnga Nistrului)[11] or as Stnga Nistrului ("Left Bank of the Dniester"). PMR official statistics show that 91% of the Transnistrian population adhere to Eastern Orthodox Christianity, with 4% adhering to Roman Catholicism. During World War II, the Soviet Union took parts of the Moldavian ASSR, which was dissolved, and of the Kingdom of Romania's Bessarabia to form the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1940. Moldova & The Dniestr Region: Contested Past, Frozen Present, Speculative Futures? U.S. [79] The PMR government said "the government of Moldova launched a campaign aimed at convincing international observers not to attend" an election held on 11 December 2005 but monitors from the Russian-led Commonwealth of Independent States election monitors ignored that and declared the ballot democratic. Post author: Post published: June 12, 2022 Post category: is kiefer sutherland married Post comments: add the comment and therapists to the selected text add the comment and therapists to the selected text Homosexuality was illegal, and gays and lesbians were subject to governmental and societal discrimination. Gumenyuk insisted that the Ukrainian forces stationed near the border with the unrecognised . [24][25] The main ethnic groups are Russians, Moldovans/Romanians, and Ukrainians. D. espite challenges brought on by the pandemic, ongoing war and unpredictable markets, the world's largest public companies managed to boost sales and profits in the last year. Transnistria, along with Abkhazia, South Ossetia, and Artsakh, is a post-Soviet "frozen conflict" zone. Precipitation is equal year round although with a slight increase in the summer months. Number of employees: 18,700+. 19. A cafe in Transnistria called Back in the USSR (MEE/Andrei Popoviciu) Tiraspol announced earlier this year its highest ever trade turnover with Russia of more than $820 million. Bender Fortress Rbnia seen from the road bridge. [109], In 2004, Transnistrian authorities organised a separate census from the 2004 Moldovan Census. Home; Categories. In 2007, foreign experts working on behalf of the United Nations said that the historically low levels of transparency and continued denial of full investigations to international monitors have reinforced negative perceptions of the Transnistrian government, although recent co-operation by Transnistrian authorities may have reflected a shift in the attitude of Transnistria. We're bringing the voice of Ukraine to the world. Pixabay/Public Domain. The GDP increased by 11.1% and inflation rate was 19.3% with the GDP per capita now being $2,140, higher than Moldova's GDP per capita that is $2,040. The fighting intensified throughout early 1992. [150] Their report stated that the evidence for the illicit production and trafficking of weapons into and from Transnistria, has in the past been exaggerated, although the trafficking of light weapons is likely to have occurred before 2001 (the last year when export data showed US$900,000 worth of 'weapons, munitions, their parts and accessories' exported from Transnistria). Misc. The onus of responsibility rests on Russia to remove the rest of the supplies. Compass Group (United . The German retail chains Aldi and Quelle, . For example, the percentage of Russians grew from 13.7% in 1926 to 25.5% in 1989 and further to 30.4% in 2004, while the Moldovan population decreased from 44.1% in 1926 to 39.9% in 1989 and 31.9% in 2004. The present history of the region dates to 1990, during the dissolution of the Soviet Union, when the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic was established in hopes that it would remain within the Soviet Union should Moldova seek unification with Romania or independence, the latter occurring in August 1991. Jun The Supreme Council is a unicameral legislature. The turnover of Volvo. The rankings and market cap data of these companies are updated regularly. According to the overall estimates, the company employs over 1 million people and has more than $410 billion in assets at the given moment making it one of the biggest companies in the world. A ceasefire agreement, signed on 21 July 1992, has held to the present day. The Russian army has a military base, a large ammunition dump and about 1,500 soldiers stationed in Transnistria, stating that they are there as "peacekeepers". The largest company in the world can fluctuate day to day, even minute by minute, depending what measurement is used. [135] However, Shevchuk mentioned that the situation is not hopeless and it cannot be considered a crisis, as a crisis means three-month delays in payment of pensions and salaries.[136]. On 22 March 2007 Gazprom sold Transnistria's gas debt to the Russian businessman Alisher Usmanov, who controls Moldova Steel Works, the largest enterprise in Transnistria. [47] Transnistria's ethnic and linguistic composition differed significantly from most of the rest of Moldova. In the autumn of 2006, the Transnistrian leadership agreed to let an OSCE inspectorate examine the munitions and further access was agreed moving forward. [99][bettersourceneeded], After the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Transnistria declared it would maintain its neutrality in the situation and denied claims that it would assist in the attack on Ukraine. The warehouse in Transnistria has 20,000 tons of ammo that would provide bullets for Ukraine for a year [91][92] As of 2007[update] however, Russia insists that it has already fulfilled those obligations. [105] They have 18 tanks, 107 armoured personnel carriers, 73 field guns, 46 anti-aircraft installations, and 173 tank destroyer units. In July 2005 the Transnistrian Supreme Council amended the election code to prohibit media controlled by the Transnistrian authorities from publishing results of polls and forecasts related to elections. Nina Shtanski served as Transnistria's Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2012 to 2015; Vitaly Ignatiev[ru] succeeded her as minister. Ukraine declared that it would import goods from Transnistria only with documents processed by Moldovan customs offices as part of the implementation of the joint customs protocol agreed between Ukraine and Moldova on 30 December 2005. One of the reasons for the creation of the Moldavian ASSR was the desire of the Soviet Union at the time to eventually incorporate Bessarabia. The more radical factions of the Popular Front espoused extreme anti-minority, ethnocentric and chauvinist positions,[44][45] calling for minority populations, particularly the Slavs (mainly Russians and Ukrainians) and Gagauz, to leave or be expelled from Moldova. They are situated north and south of the city of Dubsari, which itself is under PMR control. [81][82], A list published by the European Union bans travel to the EU for some members of the Transnistrian leadership.[83]. [141], According to a 2006 U.S. Department of State report:[142]. [116], Transnistria has a mixed economy. Its capital and largest city is Tiraspol. In early 1988, PFM demanded that the Soviet authorities declare Moldovan the only state language, return to the use of the Latin alphabet, and recognise the shared ethnic identity of Moldovans and Romanians. hendrick motorsports hats; largest company in transnistria The company was established in 1994 by Jeff Bezos. It ranks the most valuable public companies. Here you get access to unique top lists based on the 500,000 largest companies in the Nordic region. [144], In August 2021, the Transnistrian government refused to register the Lucian Blaga Theoretical Lyceum at Tiraspol and forced it to cease its activities for three months, which will affect the school year of the students of the school and constitutes a violation of several articles of the Convention on the Rights of the Child.[148]. In late October 2014 MTS-Ukraine, which held a 57% share of the Crimean market of mobile telecommunication services, has sold all . The major centre of Bulgarians in Transnistria is the large village of Parcani (situated between the cities of Tiraspol and Bender), which had an absolute Bulgarian majority and a total population of around 10,000. 1. territorial unit: Stinga Nistrului (Transnistria)", "Council of Europe Designates Transnistria 'Russian Occupied Territory', Constitution of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, Moldova, Transnistria and European Democracy Policies, European Union Border Assistance Mission to Moldova and Ukraine (EUBAM), "Background EU Border Assistance Mission to Moldova and Ukraine", "Education and Information the golden passport for young Transnistrians", "Transnistria: Russia's satellite state an open wound in Eastern Europe", "Frozen Conflicts in the Black Sea-South Caucasus Region", "Head of Foreign Ministry of the Republic of South Ossetia congratulated Minister of Foreign Affairs of the PMR with Sixth Anniversary of Creation of Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations", "Moldova's Energy Strategy and the 'Frozen Conflict' of Transnistria", " : ", " 20 ", ": : , , ", " , , ", " , ", "Union of Moldavians in Transnistria: We have no grounds to distrust Smirnov", "Romania and The Nazi-Soviet war, 19411944", "Stalinist terror in Soviet Moldavia, by Igor Casu", The painful past retold Social memory in Azerbaijan and Gagauzia, , Moldova Matters: Why Progress is Still Possible on Ukraine's Southwestern Flank, Netherlands Institute of International Relations The OSCE Moldova and Russian diplomacy 2003, "Talk conditions of Transnistria on March 2011", "The futiliy of the negotiations on Transnistria", "Transnistria wants to merge with Russia", "Moldova's Trans-Dniester region pleads to join Russia", "Dniester public organizations ask Russia to consider possibility of Transnistria accession", Moldovan Mission seeks solution to Dorotcaia's bitter harvest, Locuitorii satului Vasilievca de pe malul stng al Nistrului triesc clipe de comar, "Transnistrian Militia Withdrew Its Posts from Vasilievca", "PMR Supreme Council (Parliament of Transnistria's official website)". Transnistria is subdivided into five districts (raions) and one municipality, the city of Tiraspol (which is entirely surrounded by but administratively distinct from Slobozia District), listed below from north to south (Russian names and transliterations are appended in parentheses). ; 2 Bendery - Inside the Moldovan territory with a beautiful fortress to its north. The airforce is composed of 9 Mi-8T helicopters, 6 Mi-24 helicopters, 2 Mi-2 helicopters, and several fixed-wing aircraft, including, An-2, An-26 and Yak-18 types. In November 2003, Dmitry Kozak, a counselor of Russian president Vladimir Putin, proposed a memorandum on the creation of an asymmetric federal Moldovan state, with Moldova holding a majority and Transnistria being a minority part of the federation. [90] During 20002001, although the CFE Treaty was not fully ratified, to comply with it, Moscow withdrew 125 pieces of Treaty Limited Equipment (TLE) and 60 railway wagons containing ammunition from the Transnistrian region of Moldova. Despite a 30% tax increase in 2007, the pension fund is still lacking money and emergency measures must be taken. Conflict erupted on several occasions when the PMR prevented the villagers from reaching their farmland east of the road.[63][64]. Transnistria, which is also known as the Prednestrovian Moldavian Republic, is under the leadership of President Vadim Krasnoselsky. Moldova and the Dniestr Region: Contest Past, Frozen Present, Speculative Futures? [89] However, even after 2002, the Russian parliament did not ratify the Istanbul accords. However, the Moldovan/Ukrainian block remains in place and holds up progress in status settlement negotiations between the sides. In 1924, the Moldavian ASSR was proclaimed within the Ukrainian SSR; the ASSR included today's Transnistria (4,100km2, 1,600sqmi) and an area (4,200km2, 1,600sqmi) to the northeast around the city of Balta, but nothing from Bessarabia, which at the time formed part of Romania. [104] The Moldovan authorities called these events a provocation aimed at destabilising the situation in the region. According to the government of Transnistria, the 2007 GDP was 6789 mln ruble (appx US$799million) and the GDP per capita was about US$1,500. The current President is Vadim Krasnoselsky. Oil & Gas Development Company: Islamabad: US$5.6 billion (2022) Petroleum: US$657 million: DG Cement: Lahore: Construction: US$21 million (2016) Nishat Mills . Transnistria's president Igor Smirnov has announced that Transnistria will not pay its gas debt because "Transnistria has no legal debt to Gazprom". " ", Council Decision 2006/96/CFSP of 14 February 2006 implementing Common Position 2004/179/CFSP concerning restrictive measures against the leadership of the Transnistrian region of the Republic of Moldova, "Transnistrian Communist Party leader released on probation", Moldova Strategic Conflict Assessment (SCA), "Valeri Litskai: A situation based on pressure and threats cannot be considered favorable for the revival of contacts", "Russia's humanitarian assistance is a planned propagandist action, Chiinu claims", "Russian troops in Transnistria a threat to the security of the Republic of Moldova", Institute of Political and Military Studies, Chiinu, Moldova, NATO must recognize Russia's compliance with Istanbul accords, "Russian Troops In Transnistria Squeezed By Ukraine And Moldova", "McCain Backs Demand For Russian Troop Withdrawal From Transdniester", "Ukraine blocked Russian contingent to Transnistria (Moldova)", "With Russia Boxed In, Frozen Transdniester Conflict Could Heat Up", "La Tiraspol, faci pucrie, dac negi "rolul pozitiv" al armatei ruse", "Transnistria denies preparing to join Russia's war with Ukraine", "Russia is preparing a pretext for invading Ukraine: US official", "Russia says it prevented border breach from Ukraine, Kyiv calls it fake news", "Russia says crippled warship to be towed back to port, as Ukraine claims missile hit", "Moldauische Konfliktregion Transnistrien meldet Explosionen", "Law enforcement and armed forces of Pridnestrovie", " 2015 ", " 2017 ", Trends in Europe and North America (Explanatory Notes), "Official data from 2004 census and comparison with the 1989 census, by Olvia Press", "World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples Transnistria (unrecognised state): Overview", "Christians Face Abuse from Corrupt Regime", ": - ", "Fear, football and torture undercover in Transnistria", "MOLDOVA: SITUATION ANALYSIS AND TREND ASSESSMENT", Queremos zonas de libre comercio tanto al Este como hacia el Oeste, "Privatization will solve the budget problem", " : ", "Shevchuk answering a question about 2007 Transnistrian budget", "Shevchuk explaining that the economic situation is not critical", " 2020 ", "Moldova: Separatist Transnistria Region Reorienting Trade from Russia to EU", Country Reports on Human Rights Practices 2006, Statement by the Ministry of Education, Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, on the question of children's educational rights insurance, "Several Transnistrian officials were banned from traveling through EU", "Singurul liceu cu predare n limba romn din Tiraspol, forat s i suspende activitatea pentru 3 luni", "Western Diplomats Say Reports Of Smuggling From Transdniester Likely Exaggerated", UNDP: 2006 Small arms and light weapons survey of Moldova. About 14% of the population did not declare their nationality. The urbanisation rate was 69.9%. "Representation and democracy in Eurasia's unrecognized states: The case of Transnistria. Most of the companies were able to recover from this turnaround while others simply packed their bags. [citation needed] On 28 June 1940, the USSR annexed part of Bessarabia from Romania under the terms of the MolotovRibbentrop Pact, and on 2 August 1940 the Supreme Soviet of the USSR created the Moldavian SSR by combining the annexed territory with a part of the former Moldavian ASSR roughly equivalent to present-day Transnistria. [55] Starting from 2 March 1992, there was concerted military action between Moldova and Transnistria. Chiinu, 2004, p. 600. In 1941, after Axis forces invaded the Soviet Union during the Second World War, they defeated the Soviet troops in the region and occupied it. Shortly afterwards, a military conflict between the two parties started in March 1992 and concluded with a ceasefire in July that year. Romanian Nationalism in the Republic of Moldova, Kolsto, et al. Andrei Panici. "Nationalism and identity in Transnistria. [citation needed], Andrei Stratan, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Moldova, stated in his speech during the 12th OSCE Ministerial Council Meeting in Sofia on 67 December 2004 that "The presence of Russian troops on the territory of the Republic of Moldova is against the political will of Moldovan constitutional authorities and defies the unanimously recognized international norms and principles, being qualified by Moldovan authorities as a foreign military occupation illegally deployed on the territory of the state". C Cuciurgan power station G Gazprombank (Transnistria) I Intercentre Lux Interdnestrcom K KVINT M Moldova Steel Works S Sheriff (company) T Tiraspoltransgas Tirotex The aviation industry is one of the attractive sectors in the world simply due to the nature of the products. [41], After the Red Army advanced into the area in 1944, Soviet authorities executed, exiled or imprisoned hundreds of inhabitants of the Moldavian SSR in the following months on charges of collaboration with the Romanian occupiers. The largest power company Moldavskaya GRES (Cuciurgan power station) is in Dnestrovsc and owned by Inter RAO UES,[140] and the gas transmission and distribution company Tiraspoltransgas is probably controlled by Gazprom, although Gazprom has not confirmed the ownership officially. Of these, 439,243 lived in Transnistria itself, and 116,104 lived in localities controlled by the PMR government, but formally belonging to other districts of Moldova: the city of Bender (Tighina), the communes of Proteagailovca, Gsca, Chicani, Cremenciug, and the village of Roghi of commune Molovata Nou. Transnistria is landlocked and borders Bessarabia (the region the Republic of Moldova is based on, for 411km, 255 miles) to the west, and Ukraine (for 405km, 250 miles) to the east. largest company in transnistria. This is the list of the largest companies in the S&P 500 index by market capitalization. Between 1929 and 1940, Tiraspol functioned as the capital of the Moldavian ASSR, an autonomous republic that existed from 1924 to 1940 within the Ukrainian SSR. Original file (SVG file, nominally 1,200 600 pixels, file size: 2 KB) ADVERTISEMENT On 21 October 1994, Russia and Moldova signed an agreement that committed Russia to the withdrawal of the troops in three years from the date of entry into force of the agreement;[88] this did not come into effect, however, because the Russian Duma did not ratify it. This party, led by a former separatist leader and member of the PMR government Andrey Safonov, allegedly favours a union with Moldova. Over the course of two days, 67 July 1949, a plan named "Operation South" saw the deportation of over 11,342 families by order of the Moldavian Minister of State Security, Iosif Mordovets. Russian-occupied Transnistria announces three-month military training for men starting from March 1. 90% of the population of Transnistria are citizens of Transnistria. The report also states that the same holds true for the production of such weapons, which is likely to have been carried out in the 1990s, primarily to equip Transnistrian forces. This led to the creation of various informal movements all over the country, and to a rise of nationalism within most Soviet republics. The top list data is always based on the latest available financial statements. Consumers can buy, sell and service vehicles digitally or through our 188 coast to coast locations. Six communes on the left bank (Cocieri, Molovata Nou, Corjova, Prta, Conia, and Dorocaia) remained under the control of the Moldovan government after the War of Transnistria in 1992, as part of the Dubsari District.